Vaginal Complaints

What is vaginal atrophy (vaginal dystrophy)?

What causes vaginal atrophy?

The underlying cause is usually the natural drop in estrogen after the last menstrual period (menopause), which leads to vulvovaginal atrophy in all women after menopause, with typical symptoms such as vaginal dryness and pain during intercourse (dyspareunia). Estrogens are mainly produced in the ovaries and are important for maintaining blood flow, moisture (fluidity), and tissue elasticity in the vagina.

Hormonal changes as a trigger?

Since the described symptoms are caused by the natural decline in hormone levels during menopause , potentially every woman in this life stage is affected.
As estrogen levels drop in postmenopause, the vaginal epithelium smooths out, and the vaginal surface lacks glycogen, which serves as a nutrient base for lactobacilli important for a healthy vaginal flora. Vaginal fluid decreases during menopause, leading to vaginal dryness. Dryness in the vagina manifests as burning, itching, and pain during intercourse. Vaginal dryness is a risk factor for infections, and problems with the urinary system, such as bladder infections, can also occur.

Causes of vaginal dryness include, besides vaginal atrophy, medications, breastfeeding, as well as surgical and therapeutic procedures. Smoking and excessive intimate hygiene can also lead to vaginal dryness .

Another large group of women who may be affected by vulvovaginal atrophy are patients treated for breast cancer. Therapeutic treatments such as radiation therapy often have vaginal dryness as a side effect.

How do I recognize vaginal dryness?

The diagnosis is made by a gynecologist. Other diseases that cause similar symptoms must be definitely ruled out. These include fungal infections and various sexually transmitted diseases, such as chlamydia infection or trichomoniasis.

Depending on the cause, treatment may include hormones, moisturizers, and agents to strengthen the vaginal environment. CANNEFF VAG SUP suppositories are also an effective treatment for vaginal dryness, vaginal discomfort, and pain during intercourse.

What are the consequences of vaginal atrophy?

The vaginal pH shifts to a less acidic range of 6.0 to 8.0, and the vaginal flora changes toward more coliform bacteria. Together with other atrophic changes, the altered pH combined with reduced regenerative capacity leads to increased susceptibility and frequency of infections and injuries. Additionally, bleeding and pain during intercourse (dyspareunia) occur.